the infancy narratives
in matthew & luke


A Brief Outline of the Infancy Narratives

Matthew

Luke

  • Matthew calls his writing "The book of the genealogy of Jesus Christ, the son of David, the son of  Abraham." (1:1)

  • Mary was betrothed to Joseph, but the couple did not live together. (1:18)

  • Mary is "found with child through the holy  Spirit." (1:18)

  • Joseph, a "righteous" man and "son of David," decides to divorce Mary quietly. (1:19-20)

  • Angel of the Lord appears to Joseph in a dream and explains that the child was conceived through the holy Spirit. (1:20)

  • God decides child's name, Jesus, "because he will save his people from their sins." (1:21)

  • Child's virgin birth takes place to fulfill a prophecy from Isaiah 7:14. (1:23)

  • Child also receives the name Emmanuel, "God is with us." (1:23)

  • Joseph takes Mary "into his home" and has no relations with her until Jesus is born. (1:24-25)

  • Jesus is born in "Bethlehem of Judea, in the days of King Herod." (2:1)

  • Magi go to Herod to find out where Messiah is to be born (2:2)

  • Herod learns the approximate time of the Messiah's birth from the magi, and asks them to return to him when they find him. (2:8)

  • Magi follow star to the "house" where Mary and the child are [same as the "home" in 1:24? If so, then Joseph and Mary were at home when Jesus is born]. (2:11)

  • Magi present gifts of gold, frankincense, myrrh.(2:11)

  • Magi are warned in a dream not to return to Herod. (2:12)

  • Joseph is warned in a dream to flee to Egypt with the child and Mary, to avoid Herod's attempt to destroy the child. (2:13)

  • Joseph takes his family to Egypt, staying until Herod dies, fulfilling a prophecy from Hosea 11:1, "Out of Egypt I called my son." (2:14-15)

  • Herod orders the death of all boys two years and under in and around Bethlehem based on the time given to him by the magi [Why all boys under two  years? Has that much time passed since the magi     were there?], fulfilling a prophecy from Jeremiah. (2:16-18)

  • Joseph is warned in a dream to leave Egypt and return to Israel. (2:19-21)

  • Joseph is warned in a dream not to go to Judea, because Archelaus (Herod's son) is there, so he goes to Nazareth in Galilee, fulfilling a prophecy from an unknown source. (2:22-23)

  • In the days of Herod, king of Judea, Gabriel is sent to Joseph and Mary in Nazareth. (1:5,26)

  • Mary is "a virgin betrothed" to Joseph. (1:27)

  • Angel informs Mary that she will bear a son, and God has chosen his name, Jesus. (1:31)

  • Angel informs Mary that her conception will be by the holy Spirit. (1:35)

  • Angel tells Mary about Elizabeth's pregnancy, and Mary sets out for "a town of Judah" to visit Zechariah and Elizabeth. (1:36-40)

  • Mary worships God with canticle, and remains with Elizabeth for three months before returning home. (1:46-56)

  • Caesar Augustus announces enrollment, the first enrollment, when Quirinius is governor of Syria. (2:1-3)

  • Joseph and Mary leave Nazareth and go to Bethlehem to be enrolled, because Joseph was  "of the house and family of David." (2:4-5)

  • Mary gives birth while the couple is together in Bethlehem. She wraps the child in "swaddling clothes" and lays him "in a manger, because there was no room for them in the inn." (2:6-7)

  • An angel of the Lord tells shepherds "in the area" that "in the city a savior has been born," who is the Messiah. (2:8-11)

  • A "multitude of the heavenly host" appears with the angel, and praises God. (2:13-14)

  • Shepherds go to Bethlehem, and tell Mary what they  were told. (2:15-18)

  • On the eighth day, Jesus is circumcised and given his name. (2:21)

  • Mary "purifies" herself by waiting the required number of days (forty), then she takes Jesus to the temple in Jerusalem to be consecrated (as first-born) to the Lord. (2:22-24)

  • Simeon, a "righteous and devout" man, identifies the infant Jesus as the Messiah, and tells Mary and Joseph about the child's destiny. (2:25-35)

  • Anna, the prophetess, comes forward and speaks "about the child." (2:36-38)

  • Joseph and Mary return to Nazareth after they have     fulfilled the "prescriptions of the law," and Jesus grows up there. (2:38-40)


The "12 Points of Agreement" Between the Infancy Narratives

  Point of Agreement Matthew Luke
1

 Jesus' birth is related to the reign of Herod the Great.

2:1 1:5
2

Mary (Jesus' mother) is a virgin who has not yet come to live with her husband,  Joseph.

1:18 1:27,34; 2:5
3

Joseph is from the house of David.

1:16,20 1:27; 2:4  
4

An angel from heaven pronounces the coming birth of Jesus.  

1:20-21 1:28-30
5

Jesus is said to be a son of David.  

1:1 1:32  
6

Jesus' conception takes place through the holy Spirit.  

1:18,20   1:35
7

Joseph is not involved in Jesus' conception.

1:18-25   1:34
8

The name "Jesus" is given by heaven before Jesus' birth.  

1:21 1:31  
9

Jesus "will save" or is a "savior."  

1:21 2:11
10

Jesus is born after Joseph and Mary begin living together.  

1:24-25 2:4-7
11

Jesus is born in Bethlehem.  

2:1 2:4-7  
12

Jesus settles, along with Mary and Joseph, in Nazareth in Galilee.  

2:22-23 2:39,51


Related Links

home | intro | contents | resources | appendices | assignments | glossary | sources | links

The Narrow Gate
2003-2004